Fertility drugs

Initial treatment often includes the use of fertility drugs to stimulate egg production, especially in women with polycystic ovaries. These are prescribed if there is a problem with ovulation (the release of an egg each month). Common fertility medicines include:

  • clomifene – encourages the monthly release of an egg (ovulation) in women who don’t ovulate regularly or who can’t ovulate at all
  • tamoxifen – an alternative to clomifene that may be offered to women with ovulation problems
  • metformin – particularly beneficial for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
  • gonadotrophins – can help stimulate ovulation in women, and may also improve fertility in men
  • gonadotrophin-releasing hormone and dopamine agonists – other types of medication prescribed to encourage ovulation (NHS choices 2017)

Some women may get pregnant using fertility drugs alone or they may be offered them in combination with other treatments such as IUI and IVF.

Most of the women we spoke to had been offered Clomid. This often marked the start of their journey through fertility treatment. (We did not interview anyone who was successful with fertility drugs, although they are often successful.)

For Janine and her husband taking Clomid was the first step on what she described as a ‘treatment escalator’ which went on to include ICSI, donor eggs and eventually adoption. But for others, Clomid is all that is needed to achieve a successful pregnancy. Those who attended more than one clinic or compared notes with other couples, were sometimes surprised to find that standard practice varied at different clinics and that there are ‘no easy answers’ as to which treatments to try in which order. Belinda, for example, changed clinics and was given different advice.

Lulu was not keen on trying fertility drugs but eventually tried a few months of clomiphene (Clomid). She got pregnant but then miscarried.

Age at interview 40

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 31

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Clare lost a lot of weight before starting on clomiphene (Clomid) which she hoped would be a…

Age at interview 35

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 31

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Belinda and her husband found there is considerable uncertainty about the benefits of taking clomiphene (Clomid), and not enough research to inform their decision.

Age at interview 35

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 34

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Side effects

Clomiphene (Clomid) can have unpleasant side-effects for some women, even if they felt they had been warned and prepared for a state of ‘hormonal hell’. Lulu (see above) said it was ‘like having PMT (pre menstrual tension) ten times over’. After three months on clomiphene, Maggie stopped because she felt ‘I’m moody, I’m spotty and I can’t have kids’.

Maggie tried Clomid for three months but the mood swings, flushes, spots and weight gain were…

Age at interview 36

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 30

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Martha had secondary infertility; a prescription for clomiphene was the first step. She found the…

Age at interview 34

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 30

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Another woman who took clomiphene for three months reflected that ‘it is not a pleasant experience and it doesn’t do a lot for your sex life either I’m afraid’.

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