How depression feels
In the United States, clinical guidelines and/or DSM-V Criteria describe specific signs and symptoms professionals can use to diagnose depression*. In this section of the website, we focus on something different: how depression feels to young adults while they are living inside of it, as described by those we interviewed. (For summaries of how it feels for young adults to cycle in and out of depression, or how it feels to be healing from it, see ‘Cycles of depression and maintaining hope‘ and ‘Depression and healing.’)
Young adults have a variety of experiences with depression, but one thing all those we talked to shared is the feeling that they are somehow separated from the rest of the world. Each person described, in one way or another, being in their ‘own little world,’ losing their motivation to do things, and becoming socially isolated. One person talked about ‘feeling so alien to the rest of the world around me.’ Sam said that when he’s depressed he has to ‘unplug and not really communicate with anyone.'
Marty describes how he could not get out of bed.
Sam says that during bad periods of depression, his experience of being overwhelmed is itself overwhelming.
For many of those we interviewed, ordinary language and descriptions were not nuanced enough to capture the complexity of how depression feels. Instead, they invented figures of speech (metaphors), or a comparison between their depression and something else (analogies). One person with mild depression said it was like ‘the most uncomfortable nothing.’ Others who were suffering more intensely said it was like being stuck in a hole or ‘very tight bubble,’ being ‘uncomfortable in my own skin,’ or living in a ‘shroud of darkness.’ Ryan described his depression as ‘like you have this huge ball of yarn that you’re never going to untangle but you keep trying anyways and it’s just painstaking.’ Colin says for him depression can be a form of tunnel vision, and feeling better would mean getting his peripheral vision back.
When he is depressed, Joey sees the world as a dead field; when he’s not depressed, it can be more like an awesome forest.
Shayne sees her two cats as representing different sides of her: the outgoing, friendly side and the depressed, anxious one.
For Elizabeth, being depressed is like being a piece of the jigsaw puzzle, which just doesn’t fit.
Many people talked about emptiness of one kind or another as integral to their experience of depression. Jackson described the feeling as being ‘dead inside.’ Colin said depression is being ’empty and lost and so un-expressibly sad.’ For Sophie, it is a ‘constant sort of flat line state,’ going through the motions feeling ’empty and gray.'
After a bout of intense sadness and crying, Leanna feels the numbness of depression descend. This is the scariest part of being depressed.
When he was depressed, Jacob didn’t feel enjoyment: he just felt empty.
Pete’s depression sometimes keeps him locked up in a comfy prison.
Elizabeth describes wanting to protect her depression because it feels comfortable, and hiding it from professionals she saw after a suicide attempt who might force her to address it.
Depression for many people includes pervasive feelings of low self-worth. Many people said their depression includes feelings that you ‘don’t measure up,’ are ‘not worthy,’ or are ‘not good enough [and] not doing enough.” Sometimes these feelings stem from a history of abuse or neglect. In other cases, they are connected to gender and body image: a number of women we interviewed said that when they hit adolescence, self- consciousness about their bodies grew to self-loathing and became central to their depression.
Nadina has always felt inadequate, even in her gender, and thinks this feeling underlies her depression.
Julia feels she will never be as good as other people. This, in turn, feeds into her depression.
Ryan’s perfectionism makes it hard for him to counter depression with any sense of satisfaction about his accomplishments.
Negative or destructive thought patterns are a common part of depression for many people. People we spoke to described this as ‘negative self-talk;’ others as being ‘trapped in my head,’ ‘thoughts going crazy,’ or ‘a mental self-sabotage spiral of just doubt, self-doubt.’ People recognized these patterns as dysfunctional, but they are not easy to overcome because, as Jeremy put it, ‘negativity begets negativity.'
Meghan describes her depression as all in her head, her mind is uncontrollably racing with negative thoughts, to the point where she can’t focus.
References
*Mitchell, J., et al. “Adult depression in primary care.” Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement. Updated September (2013).
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