Learning the diagnosis of ovarian cancer

Women with ovarian cancer are usually told their diagnosis by a consultant. It is based on the results of blood tests and scans or laboratory analysis of lumps or cysts removed during an operation (see ‘Tests and investigations’). Many women we talked to had known little about ovarian cancer and some were taken completely by surprise; some were convinced that they were being investigated for something else. Some women had been reassured by their doctors that there was nothing to worry about, but others had been warned before their tests or surgery that their condition might be serious, possibly cancer, or had come to realise the likely diagnosis themselves.

Did not expect her diagnosis, which she was told after a scan.

Age at interview 65

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 59

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Was warned that she might have cancer, which the operation confirmed.

Age at interview 51

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 48

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One woman realised that her diagnosis was serious because six people visited her to talk to her after her surgery. Another overheard her partner telling someone on the phone about her diagnosis while she was semi-conscious after her operation.

Thought her diagnosis was serious because so many health professionals came to her bedside after…

Age at interview 57

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 56

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Overheard her partner telling someone else the diagnosis while she was still semi-conscious after…

Age at interview 38

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 32

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Some women were sent home from hospital before being told their diagnosis. One such woman received a phone message asking her to ring the consultant at the hospital, and realised that she was likely to get bad news. Another discovered her diagnosis accidentally while visiting her GP about another problem.

Was asked to phone the hospital to receive her results and realised then that there was a problem.

Age at interview 47

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 35

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Found out her diagnosis accidentally when visiting her GP for another problem.

Age at interview 50

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 47

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Some women worked out the diagnosis for themselves, or that it was serious, before being told. For instance, the urgency with which tests or operations were arranged suggested to some women that the condition must be serious. Similarly, other women guessed they had cancer by what doctors or health professionals said or didn’t say, or from the way they behaved towards them. Some who were given a report of their test results to take to their consultant or GP learnt the diagnosis simply by reading the report.

Guessed the diagnosis was serious from the speed at which things happened at the hospital.

Age at interview 44

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 41

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Guessed her diagnosis was serious from what the ultrasonographer said, and her urgency to give…

Age at interview 41

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 40

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Guessed her diagnosis from what the gynaecologist said.

Age at interview 62

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 60

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Realised what her diagnosis was after reading the ultrasound report.

Age at interview 53

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 52

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Women also picked up clues from what health professionals said to them and used these clues to search for information about their illness on the internet, before their consultant confirmed it.

Worked out what her diagnosis was by searching the internet for words used by the health…

Age at interview 62

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 61

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Some women praised their doctors for the way in which they broke the bad news. One thought her consultant clever for having told her first when she was semi-conscious after her operation, so that when he told her again when she was conscious she had already absorbed the news. Another felt her consultant had presented her diagnosis to her in a very positive light. However, in other cases the diagnosis could have been delivered more sensitively or at a more appropriate time and place. Many stressed the importance of receiving the diagnosis in private, and having a partner or friend present. Friends and partners could give moral support, suggest questions and help the woman to recall the details of a discussion that was often remembered in a ‘blur’ (see ‘Communication with health professionals‘).

Felt her diagnosis was delivered insensitively.

Age at interview 49

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 48

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Felt her diagnosis could have been delivered at a better time and place.

Age at interview 41

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 35

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Ideas about causes of ovarian cancer

Some ovarian cancers are caused by inherited genetic mutations (for example, BRCA1/2, HNPCC) (see 'Family history and genetics'). However, the cause of most ovarian cancer...