Cancer in young people: the impact on family

“This is my personal opinion, but I think it’s actually harder on the families than it is on the person suffering the illness” (Interview 18).

Having a person with cancer in the family changes the way that members of the family connect and communicate with each another. It can have a big effect on the lives of everyone concerned including grandparents, parents, brothers and sisters. Here young people talk about the impact that their illness and treatment had on family members and how their cancer changed family relationships.

Parents are naturally shocked and upset when their son or daughter is diagnosed with a life-threatening illness such as a cancer. As a result they can feel angry and powerless and say that they would much rather have the cancer themselves than see their child with the disease. Parents may do everything they possibly can for their son or daughter as a way of making up for what has happened. The mother of one young woman we spoke to was also diagnosed with cancer. This helped her to understand how helpless it can feel when a loved one is diagnosed with cancer. They became even closer as a result of both having had the same experience.

Just as she was finishing treatment her mother was also diagnosed with ovarian cancer. She thinks…

Age at interview 23

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 19

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Some parents tended to ‘bottle up’ their emotions as their own particular way of coping. Those who were badly affected were prescribed anti-depressants to help them through. One 21 year old man had a mother who was already depressed even before he was diagnosed with leukaemia.

His mother had depression so when he was diagnosed with leukaemia he tried to prevent his family…

Age at interview 23

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 22

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Says that has to reassure his mother that he will not relapse. Sometimes this means that he does…

Age at interview 18

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 14

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Describes how her illness has affected her family. Her mother wants to know everything but her…

Age at interview 22

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 21

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Many busy families have to decide which parent will stay in hospital with the young person, and which will carry on working or looking after the rest of the family. Usually it was the mother who stayed within the hospital, and many also gave up work to do so. Brothers and sisters may sometimes have to be looked after by friends or relatives. Fathers often had to continue working and make do with less frequent visits or phone calls. Those who were being treated for cancer who had separated or divorced parents sometimes didn’t see their fathers at all while they were ill.

Says that everyone in the family was affected but particularly his mother who had to stop working…

Age at interview 16

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 14

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Parents tend to cope with difficult situations by taking on different roles and responsibilities. Mothers were often the ‘nurturers’, making sure that they could be around during treatment and follow up appointments. Fathers tended to be more practical and find out as much information about the cancer as they possible could. One young woman said that her father learned to clean her intravenous Hickman line and gave her some of the injections that she needed. A young man said that his dad had given up smoking following the cancer diagnosis but he didn’t think his father really understood what he was going through with his cancer treatment.

Her mother, father and sister all helped her during her illness but in very different ways.

Age at interview 21

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 18

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Many young people said that they tried to reassure their family by trying to stay positive throughout their treatment. They didn’t want their families to be upset or suffer so they put on a ‘brave face’ (see ’Coping with cancer’). At the same time, they also realised that members of their family were trying hard to be positive for their sakes during the treatment. Quite naturally and very thoughtfully, everyone was trying to protect everyone else. However, in these situations, it helps to talk about feelings. If members of the family can’t talk to each another, it may be worth talking to a trusted friend or relative outside of the immediate family.

He thinks that his positive attitude has helped his parents and grandmother to cope with the fact…

Age at interview 18

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 18

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Said that his grandparents and friends frequently visited him in hospital and they used to tease…

Age at interview 21

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 16

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He enjoyed the love and support from many family members but also found it useful to see a…

Age at interview 25

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 24

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Young people found that the support, love and attention they got from their families was priceless. They felt very reassured to have this stable force there supporting them. Young people from one parent family backgrounds particularly stressed the support and strong bond they have with their mothers.

Has become much closer to his Mum but his Dad (who does not live with them and has given up…

Age at interview 16

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 13

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His father did not visit him but he has felt the support of many family members in the UK and…

Age at interview 17

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 14

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Brothers and sisters can find it especially difficult having a sibling with cancer, and this can be worse the younger they are. Even very young children are often aware that cancer is a life threatening illness so it’s probably best for parents to talk to them honestly about what is happening and answer their questions as best they can. Some brothers and sisters were very upset by the changes made to family routine during the treatment period, especially if it was all happening far away from home and their mother had to be away, looking after the sibling with cancer. Brothers and sisters who had to stay with friends, a child minder or relatives could sometimes feel very left out. The young person with the cancer could often be very aware of this and felt guilty because they were taking their parents’ attention away from the rest of their family. A young man who was only 14 when his brother was diagnosed with leukaemia started to look after his other younger brother and his sister when his parents were at the hospital.

Feels a bit guilty because when he relapsed his parents concentrated on him and he thinks that…

Age at interview 17

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 11

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Thinks that her 7-year-old sister had a hard time because their mother spent most weeks at the…

Age at interview 21

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 16

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Suggests that his brother and sister had less attention because his parents were so preoccupied…

Age at interview 21

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 15

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When his brother was taken seriously ill to hospital he talked to his other brother and sister so…

Age at interview 26

Gender Male

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One 14 year old boy, who was the brother of a young cancer patient, talked to his headteacher when his brother was in hospital. He said he would have liked to have talked more to someone who understood how he was feeling at the time.

Said that the only person he talked to during the time his brother was in hospital was his…

Age at interview 26

Gender Male

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Sometimes brothers and sisters suddenly became much kinder, nicer and more caring than usual, though this didn’t always last long after their sibling’s cancer treatment had stopped! Siblings also sometimes admitted that they had found it difficult visiting their brother or sister in hospital because they looked so ill and so different.

His mother explains that the diary she wrote for her son in intensive care was also useful for…

Age at interview 20

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 17

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Became closer to his brother, who continued to do normal things like having a laugh, talking…

Age at interview 21

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 14

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