Spirituality and religion

Spirituality and religion mattered to many of the people we spoke to. Spirituality means different things to different people, but is concerned with experiencing and appreciating the sacred within or beyond the material world. Religion is generally a more structured belief system, involving emotion, morality, and a sense of identity and community. We spoke to people of different faiths, including Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, New Age and Rastafarianism, as well as to people who did not identify with any particular religion, but who valued their spirituality nonetheless. Other people said spirituality played no part in their life, or just didn’t discuss their spirituality or religion in our conversation.
Many people noted a link between religion or spirituality and their mental health. In response to unusual experiences some people had learnt kinds of prayer and meditation, or found out more about psychic activity and mediums. Some people had experiences with a religious flavour to them (e.g. thinking that the Day of Judgement was happening or that they were Jesus Christ) that they now thought were because they had been unwell at the time. (For more information see the ‘Hearing voices, seeing things and unusual beliefs’). Others said that their faith and spirituality supported their wellbeing and recovery, offering a worldview which could allow a non-medical interpretation of unusual experiences and sometimes a positive and welcoming community to which they could belong. Several people shared a belief in the existence of God, Allah, or a higher power or consciousness.

How religion and spirituality helped

Many people were helped by religious organisations such as churches and faith groups, but also by prayer, meditation and a belief in a higher power. While meditation involves concentration and the development of awareness, prayer is about communicating with a higher power to express feelings and thoughts, offer gratitude and make requests. It may also involve opening yourself up to a God. (For more discussion, see ‘Spirituality, Religion and God’ in the Healthtalk – Depression website). Religion was an important part of some people’s recovery (see ‘Recovery’ for more information). A belief in a good and loving god alongside going to a day centre and doing art work helped one man a lot towards his recovery.

Devon first became involved with the church when a minister from Africa asked in a church service…

Age at interview 52

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 22

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Ron rediscovered spirituality, finds church a good place for reflection and has many Christian…

Age at interview 51

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 23

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Tim decided to go to church 13 years ago, doesnt think of religion as therapy but as the truth…

Age at interview 61

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 19

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Devon was helped by a Christian pastor when he felt unwell in the middle of the night, whilst Janey was helped by a chaplain on the university campus who offered her hospitality with his family when she was unwell. Stuart spoke about a ‘befriender’ from the mental health charity Rethink who was very ‘spiritual’ and helped him a great deal.
Some people talked about things they could learn from Buddhism and meditation. Dolly talked about how Buddhism helped her to think about where in her life she could make positive changes, and says that she doesn’t know what she would have done had she not come across Buddhism. Other people borrowed from many different belief systems and looked for what they could gain from each of them.

David is learning more about spirituality from many different faiths, beliefs and cultures such…

Age at interview 31

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 17

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Jenni does meditation and Kundalini yoga and likes the music in a Gospel church, but she doesnt…

Age at interview 30

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 26

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When spirituality doesn’t help

A few people had had bad experiences with religion or religious leaders such as imams or priests. For example, Arwen talked about being ‘frog-marched’ to Catholic Mass; when she was 14 as her mother thought she was possessed and had her exorcised. She felt terrified. Colin talked about a time when he was in hospital feeling unwell and ‘some sort of Church of Scotland exorcism team’ came to see him. He found it very strange and it just added to his distress at the time.

Lorenz recalls how he believed he was possessed, describes his individual approach to…

Age at interview 50

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 20

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Naveed talks about his parents taking him to a spiritual healer and says that he went to make…

Age at interview 42

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 15

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Other approaches to spirituality

After people experienced mental distress they often changed their approach to religion and spirituality. Whilst some rejected the faith they had followed since childhood, others studied religion and spirituality.

Stuart thinks its wrong of psychiatry to assume that anything outside the box is potential…

Age at interview 45

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 31

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Margaret doesn’t believe that voices come just from a ‘chemical imbalance’ and thinks that an…

Age at interview 41

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 27

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Some people thought their voices could be because they had ‘very good hearing’ (see ‘Hearing voices, seeing things and unusual beliefs’); others thought they might be their unconscious or a part of the soul. A few people found that talking to others about their faith helped to better connect it to their recovery, ensured they were not isolated, and involved a move away from ‘narrow’ psychiatric understandings of mental illness.

Recovery from psychosis

The people we spoke to had different ideas of what recovery meant, and if recovery was something that was achievable by them in their lives....

Sources of information on psychosis

Many of the people we spoke to wanted to find out more information about mental health, or their diagnosis, so that they could better understand...