Experiences of parents and carers of young trans and gender diverse people
Finding support
- Friends and family;
- The charity Mermaids; and
- Local and online support groups
Richard felt support groups gave people a sense of belonging.
Richard felt support groups gave people a sense of belonging.
I’ve been to a couple of the meetings. They were very much run by parents just there talking about their experiences without anyone necessarily with an agenda to teach you anything or share anything specific. It’s more of an open discussion. And sometimes it’s not even talking about transgender issues. It’s just a group of people getting together having a catch-up on their lives. I think for the mums just to sort of have a, and I say mums and sometimes dads there as well, just to go to a group where everyone doesn’t feel like they stand out and to be in a situation where you feel as much like you fit in as possible is a very welcoming environment for people when they feel they are isolated or don’t really fit in in the way they may have felt before.
The availability and timing of support
Lisa talks about the lack of support for parents of trans and gender diverse children and how she got support from her friends and family.

Lisa talks about the lack of support for parents of trans and gender diverse children and how she got support from her friends and family.
What kind of support has there been for you?
None. No professional support. Even when I’ve asked for it. Which I think is just poor. But I’ve been really well supported by my own friends and, you know, certain members of my family. So, I would say, along the way, I have not had enough support. But that which I have found for myself has been really helpful. I think there is a huge gap in the, I think there’s a huge gap for support of parents.
Friends and family
Lesley talks about the support of her friends.
Lesley talks about the support of her friends.
I think I’m really lucky that I have a good friendship network. Like I said quite a lot of them have good backgrounds in CAMHS. Actually his care coordinator in CAMHS has been really supportive. That helps him. I think finally they’re getting it.
Mermaids
Mermaids was an important source of support for Interview 1.

Mermaids was an important source of support for Interview 1.
So the only support we've had has been from other parents of trans kids and that's been super important and I think it's been the thing that's really kept us afloat through some quite difficult times. And so, at the time the NHS website had a link to Mermaids which is a charity for families of gender diverse children. And at the time, the NHS had a link to Mermaids and so from the NHS we got to the link to Mermaids and we got in touch with them. I believe that link no longer exists, which I think is, I feel quite sad about, because there isn't actually any other support out there. And so if families don't find ways to connect with other families, it's a really isolating place to be in. So we, yeah, we found again back then there wasn't a lot of resources, so I think we put our name down to have an introductory call with Mermaids, but it was like, I think we still had to wait like two months for that introductory call, because they just didn't have much capacity. So we had a call with someone at Mermaids and then we got introduced to the support groups. And they're basically just open forums where in like a safe space parents can talk to each other and so we started talking to other parents and hearing other experiences and yeah, just exchanging stories and, and, you know, similarly with other internet resources and other blogs and things from parents from other countries which you know, I followed very closely to just try and find out as much information as I could and it was getting to speak to lots and lots and lots of other families who had been where we were currently were. And seeing how they had, the different ways they had navigated the situation and where they'd ended up was really, really important and meant that we didn't feel totally on our own.
Josie felt that Mermaids online forum and phone helpline were a great source of support for families.
Josie felt that Mermaids online forum and phone helpline were a great source of support for families.
I think that's where, that's where something like Mermaids absolutely gets it right, because there's, there's this online forum so if you have a question you can just put it up there and then it's like a conversation and lots of people will come on and talk to you about it. And the fact that you can, you can go on the web chat or you can go on the helpline. And I think for young people and for families I think that's absolutely, you know, I think that's absolutely brilliant. And I think that's a fantastic approach. Whereas it's more a case of you talking to someone. You know, whether it's you're talking online or talking on a phone or whatever. You know, so that you can just speak to somebody, I think that's really, really helpful for people.
Lisa described a response she got from Mermaids when she looked for advice on how to manage her husband’s lack of support.
Lisa described a response she got from Mermaids when she looked for advice on how to manage her husband’s lack of support.
The only person that wasn’t supportive was my husband. And I reached out for some signposting to help us manage that situation as he’s very much more traditionally minded in terms of gender specific roles within family work, anywhere than I am. And unfortunately, I telephoned Mermaids for that information and unfortunately got a really, really negative response. So, they’ve been very positive in terms of providing links and signposting when I first approached them. But then, when I wanted more specific nurturing support they were very dismissive of that and very black and white and just said, ‘Well, you know, sometimes you just have to leave people behind.’ Which I didn’t think was helpful at all. And I didn’t, I don’t believe I contacted them since that point for any support.
Face-to-face and online support groups
Oonagh talked about the role of support groups.
Oonagh talked about the role of support groups.
Cause you just feel, you just feel lost without the information you need to help you understand what's happening with your child and that you, there's nothing wrong with the child. I think as well that to navigate, to navigate all the things that are being said in the media and what other people, friends or family say, all these things that people are telling you all the time about what you should or shouldn't be doing to support your child. If you've got a network of support there with other people that are having similar experiences, you can come to a better understanding about what's happening to yourself without anybody's sort of uniformed views coming into play all the time, which I think, I think might happen if you didn't have that support.
Kate thought the meetings sometimes made her feel worse, but she liked getting information from the group.
Kate thought the meetings sometimes made her feel worse, but she liked getting information from the group.
So, the youth club that my son goes to also runs a parent group. And I’ve been to that a couple of times and that’s great. That’s really, you know, it’s really helpful. But there’s such a mix of people there. I have only been twice. And they had a session yesterday and I didn’t go, because it’s just sometimes it makes me feel worse, because I don’t particularly have a problem, I don’t think. Maybe I do and I’m just not facing things, I don’t know. But it’s like day to day, I feel fine. And I don’t feel upset and it’s just not an issue for us. So, actually going along and talking about it makes it more upsetting somehow. Maybe I need to do that. I don’t know. And also some people, there are parents there that really struggle. And I don’t feel that I have much to offer them because so far, I haven’t found it a struggle. But there’re also people a lot different points in their journey. So, some people’s children are much older. So, they’re going through treatment or they’ve just started treatment. Or they’re not at school anymore and they are now at university or at work. So, and it’s only a small group. So, actually, you do still all have very individual experiences. So, sometimes ‘cos we’re quite, feel like we’re the newbies. We are quite new to this. And not having some of those issues. And I’m not necessarily the greatest like group sharer. So it’s helpful and it’s helpful to know it’s there and I appreciate the sentiment and I think it’s great that it’s there. We did have a session from people that came from the Gender Identity Development Service, but for the adults. And they came to give us information and discussion and that was really helpful. So, I think where I can get information, I find it really helpful. Where it’s more about sharing experiences that hasn’t been as helpful.
VM talked about support groups and how she doesn’t ‘do online’.
VM talked about support groups and how she doesn’t ‘do online’.
I have a friend who has, has a Facebook group and but I don't really do online, so I don't have Facebook and I don't really—and I don't really, I don’t really engage with people like that. I find it very difficult to tap things in and interact. There's a WhatsApp group. But it's very lightweight and sort of more heartfelt stuff you would do in the group, I'm not really that keen to do online. But I'm sure, as parents coming through and they're younger, I'm sure the online thing would be great for them. It's just not me, really.
Jan talked about contacting Mermaids and sharing positive experiences with other families.

Jan talked about contacting Mermaids and sharing positive experiences with other families.
They accept the kids up to their 20th birthday. So she was 18 when she came out. And in part of my internet searching, I came across Mermaids and I emailed them straight away just because I didn't know what we were faced with. So, we got a call very quickly actually within a day I think I got a call from one of the support workers at Mermaids. And I joined their parents’ forum immediately. And then after six weeks I was allowed to progress onto a social media forum for supporting parents. And they had meet ups once every month. So I went, [name of participant’s child] and I went to the first meet up she found it a bit awkward actually, because there was a lot of younger kids. And actually she's really quite well adjusted. But I find it quite helpful to be able to talk to other parents and share experience. And sometimes, actually, our experience, on the whole, apart from the difficulty with the GPs and everything has been very positive because we chose to embrace the change. It's been less traumatic, I guess, you know, we deal with issues and what have you as they arise. And it's quite nice to be able to share positive stories with other families who are maybe struggling who can then kind of see that there is some light at the end and that things can be alright.
* See for example:
Puckett, J. A., Matsuno, E., Dyar, C., Mustanski, B., & Newcomb, M. E. (2019). Mental health and resilience in transgender individuals: What type of support makes a difference? Journal of Family Psychology 33(8).
Simons, L., Schrager, S. M., Clark, L. F., Belzer, M., & Olson, J. (2013). Parental support and mental health among transgender adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 53(6).
Priest, M. (2019) Transgender Children and the Right to Transition: Medical Ethics When Parents Mean Well but Cause Harm, The American Journal of Bioethics, 19(2)